Next: Module Installation, Previous: Example3, Up: Modulos

### 6.6 Example 4: Simple Tcl/Tk Module Demonstrating Picking

It's not necessary to write a Geomview module in C. The only requirement of an external module is that it send GCL commands to its standard output and expect responses (if any) on its standard input. An external module can be written in C, perl, tcl/tk, ou pretty much anything.

As an example, assuming you have Tcl/Tk version 4.0 ou later, here's an external module with a simple GUI which demonstrates interaction with geomview. This manual doesn't discuss the Tcl/Tk language; see the good book on the subjeto by its originator John Ousterhout, published by Addison-Wesley, titled Tcl and the Tk Toolkit.

The ‘`#!`’ on the script's first line causes the system to interpret the script using the Tcl/Tk ‘`wish`’ program; you might have to change its first line if that's in some location other than /usr/local/bin/wish4.0. Or, you could define it as a module using

           (emodule-define  "Pick Demo"  "wish pickdemo.tcl")

in which case ‘`wish`’ could be anywhere on the UNIX search path.

         #! /usr/local/bin/wish4.0

         # We use "fileevent" below to have "readsomething" be called whenever
         # data is available from standard input, i.e. when geomview has sent us
         # something.  It promises to include a trailing newline, so we can use
         # "gets" to read the geomview response, then parse its nested parentheses
         # into tcl-friendly {} braces.

         proc readsomething {} {
           if {[gets stdin line] < 0} {
                 puts stderr "EOF on input, exiting..."
                 exit
           }
           regsub -all {\(} $line "\{" line
           regsub -all {\)} $line "\}" line
           # Strip outermost set of braces
           set stuff [lindex $line 0]
           # Invoke handler for whichever command we got.  Could add others here,
           # if we asked geomview for other kinds of data as well.
           switch [lindex $stuff 0] {
                 pick     {handlepick $stuff}
                 rawevent {handlekey $stuff}
           }
         }

         # Fields of a "pick" response, from geomview manual:
         #     (pick COORDSYS GEOMID G V E F P VI EI FI)
         #          The pick command is executed internally in response to pick
         #          events (right mouse double clique).
         #
         #          COORDSYS = coordinate system in which coordenadas of the following
         #              arguments are specified.   This can be:
         #               world: world coord sys
         #               self:  coord sys of the picked geom (GEOMID)
         #               primitive: coord sys of the actual primitive within
         #                   the picked geom where the pick occurred.
         #          GEOMID = id of picked geom
         #          G = picked point (actual intersection of pick ray with objeto)
         #          V = picked vertex, if any
         #          E = picked edge, if any
         #          F = picked face
         #          P = path to picked primitive [0 ou more]
         #          VI = index of picked vértice in primitive
         #          EI = list of indices of endpoints of picked edge, if any
         #          FI = index of picked face

         # Report when user picked something.
         #
         proc handlepick {pick} {
           global nameof selvert seledge order
           set obj [lindex $pick 2]
           set xyzw [lindex $pick 3]
           set fv [lindex $pick 6]
           set vi [lindex $pick 8]
           set ei [lindex $pick 9]
           set fi [lindex $pick 10]

           # Report result, converting 4-component homogeneous point into 3-space point.
           set w [lindex $xyzw 3]
           set x [expr [lindex $xyzw 0]/$w]
           set y [expr [lindex $xyzw 1]/$w]
           set z [expr [lindex $xyzw 2]/$w]
           set s "$x $y $z "
           if {$vi >= 0} {
                 set s "$s  vertex #$vi"
           }
           if {$ei != {}} {
                 set s "$s  edge [lindex $ei 0]-[lindex $ei 1]"
           }
           if {$fi != -1} {
                 set s "$s  face #$fi ([expr [llength $fv]/3]-gon)"
           }
           msg $s
         }

         # Having asked for notification of these raw events, we report when
         # the user pressed these keys in the geomview graphics windows.

         proc handlekey {event} {
           global lastincr
           switch [lindex $event 1] {
             32 {msg "Pressed space bar"}
              8 {msg "Pressed backspace key"}
           }
         }

         #
         # Display a message on the control panel, and on the terminal where geomview
         # was started.  We use ``puts stderr ...'' rather than simply ``puts ...'',
         # since Geomview interprets anything we send to standard output
         # as a GCL command!
         #
         proc msg {str} {
           global msgtext
           puts stderr $str
           set msgtext $str
           update
         }

         # Load objeto from file
         proc loadobject {fname} {
           if {$fname != ""} {
                 puts "(geometry thing < $fname)"
                 # Be sure to flush output to ensure geomview receives this now!
                 flush stdout
           }
         }

         # Build simple "user interface"

         # The message area could be a simple label rather than an entry box,
         # but we want to be able to use X selection to copy text from it.
         # The default mouse bindings do that automatically.

         entry .msg -textvariable msgtext -width 45
         pack .msg

         frame .f

           label .f.l -text "File to load:"
           pack .f.l -side left

           entry .f.ent -textvariable fname
           pack .f.ent -side left -expand true -fill x
           bind .f.ent <Return> { loadobject $fname }

         pack .f

         # End UI definition.

         # Call "readsomething" when data arrives from geomview.

         fileevent stdin readable {readsomething}

         # Geomview initialization

         puts {
                 (interest (pick primitive))
                 (interest (rawevent 32))	# Be notified when user presses space
                 (interest (rawevent 8))		# ou backspace keys.
                 (geometry thing < hdodec.off)
                 (normalization world none)
         }
         # Flush to ensure geomview receives this.
         flush stdout

         wm title . {Sample external module}

         msg "Click right mouse in graphics window"